Document Type : Research original ,Regular Article
Abstract
Language is a social phenomenon, which emersion goes back to the emersion of the first human societies. Such a phenomenon is the same as a human inclination, owned by society which is formed in accordance with societies’ social and historical evolution. The sociolinguistics studies has already indicated that the infrastructure and application of the language is inseparable from the social factors such as gender, age, education, tribal bias, social levels, etc. Meanwhile, the study of urban dialectology considers as a part of sociolinguistics, which has been ignored regarding to scientists’ intention toward rural dialects. Rural dialectology is basically founded on comparative philology, therefore cities which were faced a huge emigration from variety of regions have lost their philological values. However, the focus on philology is changed in the recent studies and the study of urban areas drew the attentions toward itself. In this paper, the author's focus is on the lexical changes in Gorgan’s urban society, regarding to three social factors: age, gender and education. In the other words, the paper mainstream is on the correlation between lexical changes and social variables which is assessed by using the field method, asking randomly from the statistical society. The results of the research has shown that the age is the major factor of lexical changes in Gorgan and other variables, gender and education, stand at the second and third position respectively. The age variable also plays a significant role in phonological changes in the mentioned language society. All in all, it seems that age is the most important changing factor in the Gorgan language society, which considers as a warning about the gradual death of the dialect.
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