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The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle

    Author

    • Gholamreza Mohyeddin Qomshei

    Assistant Professor

,

Document Type : Research original ,Regular Article

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Abstract

Studies over the last three decades on the morpho-syntactic structure and semantic
properties of causatives in different languages have revealed that the formal structure
of causatives reflects man's conceptualization of causing and caused events in real
world. This study begins with a review of basic concepts, elements, relations and types
of causative constructions. A set of evidence and data on Persian causatives are studied
in the frameworks proposed by Comrie (1983), Dixon (2000), and Haiman (1983).
The results show that in Persian causatives, the formal distance between linguistic
forms correlates with the conceptual distance between their conceptual counterparts.
This reveals the iconicity of causative constructions in Persian.

Keywords

  • causative construction
  • causing event (cause)
  • caused event (effect)
  • causer
  • lexical causative
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References
دبیرمقدم، محمد (1367). «ساخت‌های سببی در زبان فارسی»، مجلة زبان‌شناسی، س 5، ش 1.
شریفی مقدم، آزاده (1385). «پژوهشی پیرامون تصویرگونگی در واژگان و عناصر صرفی ـ نحوی زبان فارسی»، رسالة دکتری، تهران: دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی.
غنی‌آبادی، سعید (1375). «رابطۀ بین صورت و نقش در نحو و ساخت واژة زبان فارسی»، پایان‌نامة کارشناسی ارشد، تهران: دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
همایون، همادخت (1379). واژه‌نامۀ زبا‌ن‌شناسی و علوم وابسته، تهران: پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی.
Comrie, B. (1981). Language Typology and Linguistic Universals, Chapters 2,4. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Comrie B. (1985). ‘Causative Verb Formation and Other Verb-deriving Morphology’, in Timoty Shopen (ed.), Language Typology and Syntactic Description, Vol. III, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Comrie, B. (1989). Language Universals and Linguistic Typology, Oxford: Brazil Blackwell.
De Cupere, L. (2008). Limiting the Iconic: From the Metatheoretical Foundations to the Creative Possibilities of Iconicity in Language, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Dixon, R.M.W. (2000). ‘A Typology of Causatives: Form, Syntax and Meaning’, in Dixon and Aikhenvald (eds.), Cambridge CPU.
Fischer, Olga. (1997). ‘Iconicity in Language and Literature, Language Innovation and Language Change’, Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 98.
Fischer, O. and M. Nanny (eds.) (1999). ‘Iconicity as a Creative Force in Language Use’, in Nanny, M. and O. Fischer (eds.), Form Miming Meaning, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Fischer, O. and M. Nanny (eds.) (2001). The Motivated Sign Iconicity in Language and Literature 2, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Givon, T. (1980). ‘The Binding Hierarchy and Typology of Complements’, Studies in Languge, 4.
Haiman, J. (ed.) (1985 a). Iconicity in Syntax, Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Haiman, J. (1985 b). Natural Syntax: Iconicity and Erosion, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Haiman, J. (1983). ‘Iconic and Economic Motivation’, Language, 59(41).
Hollmann, W. (2003). Synchrony and Diachrony of English Periprasic Causatives: A Cognitive Perspective, phD Dissertation, University of Manchester.
Hollmann, W. (2005). The Iconicity of Infinitival Complementation in Present-day English Causatives, in Outside-in Inside-out, C. Maeder, O. Fischer and W. J. Herlofsky (eds.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Kulikov, Leonid (1993). ‘The Second Causative a Typological Sketch’, in B. Comrie and M. Polinsky (eds.), Causatives and Transitivity, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Ritter, E. and S.T. Rosen (1993). ‘Deriving Causation’, Natural Language Linguistic Theory, 11.
Shibatani, Masayoshi (1975). A Linguistic Study of Causative Constructions, (Syntax and Semantics, New York: Academic Press.
Shibatani, Masayoshi (1976). ‘The Grammar of Causative Constructions: A Conspectus’, in The Grammar of Causative Constructions, M. Shibatani (ed.), New York, NY: Academic Press.
Shibatani, Masayoshi (2001). The Grammar of Causation and Interpersonal Manipulation, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Shibatani, M. and P. Pardishi (2002). ‘The Causative Continuum’, in The Grammar of Causation and Interpersonal Manipulation, Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Talmy, Leonard (1976). ‘Semantic Causative Types’, in M. Shibatani (ed.), Syntax and Semantics 6: The Grammar of Causative Constructions, New York: Academic Pess.
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Language Studies
Volume 4, Issue 7 - Serial Number 7
September 2014
Pages 85-110
Files
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History
  • Receive Date: 05 August 2012
  • Revise Date: 12 September 2012
  • Accept Date: 25 October 2012
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How to cite
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Statistics
  • Article View: 1,948
  • PDF Download: 2,196

APA

Qomshei, G. M. (2013). The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle. Language Studies, 4(7), 85-110.

MLA

Qomshei, G. M. . "The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle", Language Studies, 4, 7, 2013, 85-110.

HARVARD

Qomshei, G. M. (2013). 'The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle', Language Studies, 4(7), pp. 85-110.

CHICAGO

G. M. Qomshei, "The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle," Language Studies, 4 7 (2013): 85-110,

VANCOUVER

Qomshei, G. M. The Iconicity of Persian Causative Constructions: Distance Principle. Language Studies, 2013; 4(7): 85-110.

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